In a real-world study of 70 adults with obesity and type 1 diabetes, 12 months of treatment with a GLP-1 receptor agonist alone or a dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist was associated with clinically meaningful weight loss, improved glycaemic control, preferential fat loss, modest lean mass loss, and preserved total bone mineral density. People who lost more than 10% of body weight had the greatest metabolic benefit but lost more lean mass.
Observational study — real-world observational study. Population: people with obesity and type 1 diabetes treated with GLP-1RA alone or dual GIP/GLP-1RA. Sample size: 70 people. Follow-up: 12 months. Interventions: GLP-1 receptor agonist alone (liraglutide or semaglutide); dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist (tirzepatide).
Body weight fell by 6.33% over 12 months (95% CI: -7.92 to -4.73). Fat mass was reduced preferentially and lean mass loss was modest. Total BMD was preserved. Glycaemic control improved. Those with more than 10% weight loss had the greatest metabolic benefit and greater lean mass loss without compromised bone health.
Researchers working on liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide would care because this study provides real-world data on body composition and bone density changes associated with these therapies in people with obesity and type 1 diabetes, a group often underrepresented in this area. It does not establish causal, agent-specific, dose-related, or long-term bone safety effects.
Peptide profiles: Semaglutide, Tirzepatide, Liraglutide.
All indexed evidence: Semaglutide trials & papers, Tirzepatide trials & papers, Liraglutide trials & papers.
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